1. Polasetiki ke eng?
Plastiki ke metsoako ea polymeric e entsoeng ka monomer e le lisebelisoa tse tala ka ho kenyelletsa kapa ho etsa polymerization ea condensation.
Ketane ea polymer ke photopolymer haeba e entsoe ka polymerized ho tloha monomer e le 'ngoe. Haeba ho na le li-monomers tse ngata ka har'a ketane ea polymer, polymer ke copolymer. Ka mantsoe a mang, polasetiki ke polymer.
2. Sehlopha sa li-plastiki
Plastiki e ka aroloa ka polasetiki ea thermoplastic le thermosetting ho ea ka mmuso kamora ho futhumatsoa.
Plastiki ea thermosetting ke polasetiki e nang le thepa ea ho futhumatsa, ho folisa le ho sa qhibilihe, eseng ho qhibiliha. Polasetiki ena e ka etsoa hang feela.
Hangata e na le ts'ebetso e ntle haholo ea motlakase, 'me e khona ho mamella mocheso o phahameng oa ts'ebetso.
Empa bofokoli ba eona bo ka sehloohong ke hore lebelo la ho sebetsa le lieha 'me ho tsosolosoa ha thepa ho thata.
Tse ling tse tloaelehileng tsa polasetiki ea thermosetting li kenyelletsa:
Phenol polasetiki (bakeng sa ho sebetsana le pitsa);
Melamine (e sebelisoang ka laminate ea polasetiki);
Epoxy resin (bakeng sa li-adhesives);
Unsaturated polyester (bakeng sa hull);
Vinyl lipids (e sebelisoang 'meleng oa koloi);
Polyurethane (bakeng sa soles le foams).
Thermoplastic ke mofuta oa polasetiki o bonolo ha o le mochesong o itseng, oa tiea ka mor'a ho pholile, 'me o khona ho pheta mokhoa oo.
Ka hona, thermoplastics e ka sebelisoa hape.
Lisebelisoa tsena hangata li ka sebelisoa hape makhetlo a supileng pele ts'ebetso ea tsona e senyeha.
3. Mekhoa ea ho sebetsana le polasetiki le ho theha
Ho na le mekhoa e fapaneng ea ts'ebetso e sebelisoang ho etsa polasetiki ho tloha likaroloana ho ea lihlahisoa tse fapaneng tse felileng, tse latelang li sebelisoa hangata:
Ente ea ho bōpa (mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa ho sebetsa);
Ho bopa (ho etsa libotlolo le lihlahisoa tse se nang letho);
Extrusion molding (tlhahiso ea liphaephe, liphaephe, profiles, likhoele);
Ho etsa filimi ea foka (ho etsa mekotla ea polasetiki);
Roll molding (ho etsa lihlahisoa tse kholo tse se nang letho, joalo ka lijana, li-buoy);
Ho etsa vacuum (tlhahiso ea ho paka, lebokose la tšireletso)
4. Thepa le tšebeliso ea li-plastiki tse tloaelehileng
Lipolasetiki li ka aroloa ka lipolasetiki tse akaretsang, lipolasetiki tsa boenjiniere, lipolasetiki tse khethehileng tsa boenjiniere joalo-joalo.
Plastiki e akaretsang: e bua ka polasetiki e sebelisoang haholo bophelong ba rona, palo e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea mefuta ea polasetiki e kenyelletsa: PE, PP, PVC, PS, ABS joalo-joalo.
Lipolasetiki tsa boenjiniere: lipolasetiki tse sebelisoang e le lisebelisoa tsa boenjiniere le tse nkang sebaka sa tšepe ha ho etsoa likarolo tsa mochini, jj.
Lipolasetiki tsa boenjiniere li na le ts'ebetso e phethahetseng e felletseng, ho tiea ho hoholo, ho thella, matla a phahameng a mochini, ho hanyetsa mocheso hantle, ho kenya motlakase hantle, 'me li ka sebelisoa nako e telele tikolohong e thata ea lik'hemik'hale le ea 'mele.
Hajoale, lipolasetiki tse hlano tse tloaelehileng tsa boenjiniere: PA(polyamide), POM(polyformaldehyde), PBT(polybutylene terephthalate), PC(polycarbonate) le PPO(polyphenyl ether) li sebelisoa haholo mafapheng a fapaneng kamora ho fetoloa.
Lipolasetiki tse khethehileng tsa boenjiniere: lipolasetiki tse khethehileng tsa boenjiniere li bua ka mofuta oa polasetiki ea boenjiniere e nang le ts'ebetso e phahameng e felletseng, ts'ebetso e ikhethang le ts'ebetso e ntle haholo, le mocheso oa ts'ebeliso ea nako e telele o kaholimo ho 150 ℃. Haholo-holo e sebelisoa ho elektronike, motlakase, indasteri e khethehileng le masimo a mang a theknoloji e phahameng.
Ho na le polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyimide (PI), polyether ether ketene (PEEK), liquid crystal polymer (LCP), nylon ea mocheso o phahameng (PPA), joalo-joalo.
5. Plastiki e ka senyehang ke eng?
Li-plastiki tseo re atisang ho li sebelisa ke li-macromolecules tse telele tse nang le polymerized haholo 'me ho leng thata ho li arola tikolohong ea tlhaho. Ho chesa kapa ho qhala mobu ho ka baka kotsi e eketsehileng, kahoo batho ba batla lipolasetiki tse senyehang ho fokotsa khatello ea tikoloho.
Lipolasetiki tse senyehang li arotsoe haholo-holo ka lipolasetiki tse senyehang habonolo le tse senyehang habonolo.
Lipolasetiki tse ka senyehang lifoto: Tlas'a ts'ebetso ea khanya ea ultraviolet le mocheso, ketane ea polymer ka sebopeho sa polasetiki e robehile, e le ho fihlela sepheo sa ho senyeha.
Lipolasetiki tse senyehang habonolo: Tlas’a maemo a tlhaho, likokoana-hloko tsa tlhaho li pshatla liketane tse telele tsa meaho ea polima, ’me qetellong likhechana tsa polasetiki lia siloa ebe li tšeloa ka har’a lintho tse nyenyane tse phelang metsing le carbon dioxide.
Hajoale, lipolasetiki tse senyehang tse nang le khoebo e ntle li kenyelletsa PLA, PBAT, jj
Nako ea poso: 12-11-21