Li-polymers tse phethahetseng - li-polymers tse leka-lekaneng thepa ea 'mele le liphello tsa tikoloho - ha li eo, empa polybutylene terephthalate (PBAT) e haufi le phetheho ho feta tse ngata.
Kamora lilemo tse mashome tsa ho hloleha ho emisa lihlahisoa tsa bona tse qetellang li tletse litšila le maoatleng, baetsi ba polymer ba maiketsetso ba tlas'a khatello ea ho nka boikarabello.Ba bangata ba eketsa boiteko ba bona ba ho khothaletsa ho sebelisoa hape ho thibela ho nyatsuoa.Lik'hamphani tse ling li leka ho rarolla bothata ba litšila ka ho tsetela ho li-plastiki tse thehiloeng ho biodegradable tse kang polylactic acid (PLA) le polyhydroxy fatty acid esters (PHA), ka tšepo ea hore ho senyeha ha tlhaho ho tla fokotsa bonyane litšila tse ling.
Empa li-recycling le li-biopolymers li tobana le litšitiso.Ka mohlala, ho sa tsotellehe boiteko bo entsoeng ka lilemo tse ngata, United States e ntse e sebelisa lipolasetiki tse ka tlaase ho karolo ea 10 lekholong hape.'Me li-polymers tse thehiloeng ho bio - hangata lihlahisoa tsa ho belisoa - li sokola ho finyella tshebetso le boholo ba li-polymers tsa maiketsetso tseo li reretsoeng ho li nkela sebaka.
PBAT e kopanya tse ling tsa lintho tse molemo tsa li-polymer tsa maiketsetso le tsa bio-based.E tsoa ho lihlahisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa petrochemical - refined terephthalic acid (PTA), butanediol le adipic acid, empa e ka senyeha.Joaloka polymer ea maiketsetso, e ka hlahisoa habonolo ka bongata, 'me e na le litšobotsi tse hlokahalang ho etsa lifilimi tse tenyetsehang tse bapisoang le tsa polasetiki ea setso.
Khahleho ho PBAT e ntse e phahama.Bahlahisi ba thehiloeng joalo ka BASF ea Jeremane le Novamont ea Italy ba bona tlhokahalo e ntseng e eketseha kamora lilemo tse mashome tsa ho holisa mmaraka.Ba kopantsoe ke bahlahisi ba Asia ba fetang halofo ea leshome le metso e 'meli ba lebelletseng hore khoebo ea polymer e atlehe ha mebuso ea libaka e phehella botsitso.
Marc Verbruggen, CEO oa mehleng oa moetsi oa PLA NatureWorks 'me hona joale ke moeletsi ea ikemetseng, o lumela hore PBAT ke "sehlahisoa se theko e tlaase le se bonolo ka ho fetisisa sa bioplastic ho etsoa"' me o lumela hore PBAT e fetoha bioplastic e feto-fetohang e hlahelletseng, E ka pele ho poly succinate butanediol ester ( PBS) le bahlolisani ba PHA.'Me ho ka etsahala hore e be e ipapisitse le PLA joalo ka lipolasetiki tse peli tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetesisa tse senyehang, tseo a reng e se e le sehlahisoa se hlahelletseng bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse thata.
Ramani Narayan, moprofesa oa boenjiniere ba lik'hemik'hale Univesithing ea Michigan State, o itse ntlha e ka sehloohong ea ho rekisa ea PBAT - biodegradability ea eona - e tsoa ho li-bond tsa ester, ho e-na le masapo a carbon-carbon ka li-polymers tse sa senyeheng tse kang polyethylene.Li-bond tsa Ester li na le hydrolyzed habonolo mme li senngoa ke li-enzyme.
Ka mohlala, polylactic acid le PHA ke li-polyester tse senyang ha li-ester bonds tsa tsona li robeha.Empa polyester e tloaelehileng - polyethylene terephthalate (PET), e sebelisoang ka likhoele le libotlolo tsa soda - ha e robehe habonolo.Sena se bakoa ke hore selikalikoe se nkhang hamonate masapong a sona a tsoa ho PTA.Ho ea ka Narayan, mehele e fanang ka thepa ea sebopeho le eona e etsa PET hydrophobic."Metsi ha a bonolo ho kena 'me a fokotsa ts'ebetso eohle ea hydrolysis," o ile a re.
Basf e etsa polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyester e entsoeng ka butanediol.Bafuputsi ba k'hamphani ba ile ba batla polymer e ka senyehang habonolo eo ba ka e hlahisang habonolo.Ba nkile sebaka sa PTA ho PBT ka adipose diacid glycolic acid.Ka tsela ena, likarolo tse nkhang hamonate tsa polymer lia aroloa e le hore li ka senyeha.Ka nako e ts'oanang, PTA e lekaneng e setse ho fa polymer thepa ea bohlokoa ea 'mele.
Narayan o lumela hore PBAT e senyeha hanyane ho feta PLA, e hlokang hore manyolo a liindasteri a bole.Empa e ke ke ea qothisana lehlokoa le li-PHA tse fumanehang khoebong, tse senyehang maemong a tlhaho, esita le libakeng tsa Marine.
Hangata litsebi li bapisa thepa ea 'mele ea PBAT le polyethylene e tlaase-tlaase, e leng polymer e tsitsitseng e sebelisetsoang ho etsa lifilimi, tse kang mekotla ea lithōle.
Hangata PBAT e tsoakoa le PLA, polymer e thata e nang le thepa e kang polystyrene.Letšoao la Basf's Ecovio le ipapisitse le motsoako ona.Mohlala, Verbruggen e re mokotla oa mabenkele o nang le manyolo ka tloaelo o na le 85% PBAT le 15% PLA.
Novamont e eketsa ntlha e 'ngoe ho risepe.Khamphani e kopanya PBAT le li-polyester tse ling tse nkhang hamonate tse bolileng le starch ho etsa li-resin bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse ikhethileng.
Stefano Facco, molaoli e mocha oa nts'etsopele ea khoebo ea k'hamphani, o itse: "Lilemong tse 30 tse fetileng, Novamont e tsepamisitse maikutlo lits'ebetsong moo bokhoni ba ho senyeha bo ka eketsang boleng ba sehlahisoa ka bosona.“
Mmaraka o moholo oa PBAT ke mulch, e hasantsoeng ho potoloha lijalo ho thibela lehola le ho thusa ho boloka mongobo.Ha filimi ea polyethylene e sebelisoa, e tlameha ho huloa 'me hangata e patoa ka har'a lithōle.Empa lifilimi tsa biodegradable li ka lengoa ka kotloloho mobung.
Mmaraka o mong o moholo ke mekotla ea lithōle e ka sebelisoang bakeng sa tšebeletso ea lijo le pokello ea lijo le litšila tsa jarete.
Mekotla e tsoang lik'hamphaning tse kang BioBag, e sa tsoa fumanoa ke Novamont, e rekisitsoe ho barekisi ka lilemo.
Nako ea poso: 26-11-21